Near Rotterdam

The Netherlands - Ground-source heat pump

 
Summary
In a project on new-build single-family houses, heat pumps with vertical ground-source heat exchangers are used for space heating, production of DHW and passive (free) cooling: direct utilisation of the cold from the ground source. The dwellings are also provided with balanced ventilation systems with heat recovery units (97%). Two of these dwellings are monitored by TNO Institute of Environmental Sciences, Energy Research and Process Innovation, Department of Refrigeration and Heat Pump Technology. The ground source heat exchangers are filled solely with water. No antifreeze is used. The COP of the utilised heat pump is 5.64 at test conditions.

 


Building and design values

 
Building type: (Two) single-family house(s)
Location: The Netherlands
Year of construction: 2000
Number of storeys: 2 and attic
Heated floor area (m2): 120
% of total floor area (%): 100
Design outdoor temperature (ºC) Heating: -7 Cooling: -
Design indoor temperature (ºC) Heating: 20 Cooling: -
Degree days Heating: No data Cooling: -
Base temperature for degree days (ºC) Heating: No data Cooling: -


Heating and cooling

 
Application: Space heating, DHW production, passive (free) cooling
Heat pump type(s): Water-to-water
Heat pump installed capacity (kW) Heating: 8 Cooling: Free cooling
Refrigerant: R134a and R407C
Heat source Ground
Details (circulating pumps): -
a) Type of ground heat exchanger: Vertical loop
b) Borehole depth (m): 15-20
c) Pipe length (m): 600
d) Heat transfer fluid: Water
e) Flow rate (l/h): No data
Distribution system(s): Floor heating
Supply and return temperature (ºC) Heating: 45/40 Cooling: -
Auxiliary system: None
Heat pump design: 100% of design load
Supplementary system: None
Heat pump system completion date: October 2000


Performance

 
Heating energy
Residence 1/Residence 2
Heat pump Aux. heating system Auxiliaries
Energy input (kWh/year)1: 1340 / 830 - 470 / 315
Energy output (kWh/year)1: 5650 / 4570 - n/a
1 Measured data

Cooling energy
Residence 1/Residence 2
Heat pump Aux. heating system Auxiliaries
Energy input (kWh/year)1: No data - 95 / 30
Energy output (kWh/year)1: 1825 / 1914 - n/a
1 Measured data

Domestic hot water
Residence 1/ Residence 2
Heat pump Aux. heating system Auxiliaries
Energy input (kWh/year)1: 885 / 515 - / 7552 155 / 80
Energy output (kWh/year)1: 1715 / 1180 - / 7552 n/a
1 Measured data
2 The system can operate without auxiliary heating system. However, it has been installed as a back-up to allow experimental work. The auxiliary system has been used for production of DHW in spring 2001 (problems with the production of DHW by the heat pump).


Coefficient of performance (COP)
Heating: 3.84 and 5.46 (according to the EN 255-2)
Test conditions: W10/W50 and W10/W35 (source/sink temperature in ºC)
Cooling: -
Test conditions: -


Heat pump cost breakdown No data


Alternative system (if has been considered) No data


Fuel cost 1634 EUR/year


Payback No data


CO2 emissions No data


Operational experience and other comments
No data

 

Contacts

 

Contact 1:

Roberto Traversari

    Company: TNO-MEP
    Role: Information
    Address: Postbus 342
7300 AH Apeldoorn
THE NETHERLANDS
    Telephone: + 31 55 549 3170
    Fax: + 31 55 549 3740
    Email: a.a.l.traversari @ mep.tno.nl

 

 
Last updated: 1 March 2004
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