Trondheim
Shopping mall
Norway - Water-source heat pump
Summary
| Mercursenteret is a new shopping mall, which is established in an old telegraph building in Trondheim. The shopping mall is cooled and heated by a heat pump system. In the winter during the heating period, the heat pump uses the cooling distribution system of the telecommunication centre in the next-door building (Teknisk Telehus) as the heat source. In the summertime, the heat pump operates mainly for cooling. Excess heat from the heat pump system is sold to pre-heat sanitary water in a hotel in the neighbourhood. The seasonal performance factor is 3.5 for heating and 2.5 for cooling. |
|
Building and design values
| Building type: | Shopping mall | |||
| Location: | Trondheim, Norway | |||
| Year of construction: | 2000 | |||
| Number of storeys: | 5 | |||
| Heated floor area (m2): | 10 000 | |||
| % of total floor area (%): | 100 | |||
| Design outdoor temperature (ºC) | Heating: | -19 | Cooling: | 25 |
| Design indoor temperature (ºC) | Heating: | 20 | Cooling: | 25 |
| Degree days | Heating: | 2 350 | Cooling: | 140 |
| Base temperature for degree days (ºC) | Heating: | 10 | Cooling: | 15 |
Heating and cooling
| Application: | Space heating and cooling | |||
| Heat pump type(s): | Water-to-water | |||
| Heat pump installed capacity (kW) | Heating: | 735 | Cooling: | 540 |
| Refrigerant: | R134a | |||
| Heat source | Cooling distribution system in Teknisk Telehus | |||
| Distribution system(s): | Ventilation air heaters and radiators | |||
| Supply and return temperature (ºC) | Heating: | 60/45 | Cooling: | 7/12 |
| Auxiliary system: | District heating heat exchanger | |||
| a) Size (kW): | 1 000 | |||
| b) Fuel: | Mainly waste heat | |||
| c) Operating regime: | - | |||
| Heat pump design: | 70% of design load (100% of cooling load) | |||
| Supplementary system: | - | |||
| Heat pump system completion date: | October 2000 | |||
Performance
| Heating energy | Heat pump | Aux. heating system | Auxiliaries |
| Energy input (kWh/year): | 270 000 | 100 000 | - |
| Energy output (kWh/year)1: | 900 000 | 100 000 | n/a |
| Energy cost (NOK/year): | 145 800 | 81 000 | - |
| Cost tariff (NOK/kWh): | 0.54 | 0.81 | - |
| Cooling energy | Heat pump | Aux. heating system | Auxiliaries1 |
| Energy input (kWh/year): | 100 000 | - | 20 000 |
| Energy output (kWh/year)2: | 500 000 | - | n/a |
| Energy cost (NOK/year): | 54 000 | - | - |
| Cost tariff (NOK/kWh): | 0.54 | - | - |
2 Measured energy output
| Coefficient of performance (COP) | |
| Heating: | 3.5 (SPF) |
| Test conditions: | Condenser 38ºC/45ºC, evaporator 12ºC/7ºC |
| Cooling: | 2.5 (SPF) |
| Test conditions: | - |
| Heat pump cost breakdown | |
| Heat pump only (NOK): | 540 000 |
| Installation (NOK): | - |
| Capital cost (excluding heat pump) (NOK): | 163 000 |
| Maintenance (NOK): | - |
| Alternative system (if has been considered) | |
| Alternative system, type: | District heat |
| Energy input (kWh): | 1 000 000 |
| Capital cost (NOK): | 0 - See below |
| Installation cost (NOK): | 0 - See below |
| Maintenance (NOK): | 0 - See below |
| Comments | Investments of the district heat exchanger and the regulation equipment was about NOK 108 000 but this was necessary both as an auxiliary heat source and as an alternative heating plant, hence no costs for the alternative system above. The district heating company covers the connection to the district heat system. The alternative cooling plant is a refrigeration plant with R407C as the working fluid. Its cost was NOK 405 000. |
| Fuel cost | No data |
| Payback | The payback of the heat pump system over an alternative system is 2 years. |
| CO2 emissions | No data. |
Operational experience and other comments
After some adjustments on the heat pump in winter 2001 the operational experiences have been good.The heat pump operator is switching from summer to winter mode and vice versa at approximately +5ºC in the spring and autumn. The heat pump plant works automatically and there have been no problems. The heat pump is not yet equipped with necessary measuring devices to achieve a full control of heating and cooling and the energy consumption of the heat pump. Energy measuring devices have been installed for buying low temperature heat from Teknisk Telehus and for selling excess heat to heat up shower water at Hotel Britannia. Other measurement equipment is under installation or in the planning stage. |
Contacts
|
Contact 1: |
Geir Eggen |
| Company: | Interconsult ASA |
| Role: | Consultant |
| Address: | P.O.Box 2564 Sentrum 7414 Trondheim NORWAY |
| Telephone: | + 47 73 89 61 42 |
| Fax: | + 47 73 89 60 01 |
| Email: | Ge @ interconsult.com |
|
Contact 2: |
Tommy Høydal |
| Company: | Basale Eiendomsforvaltning |
| Role: | - |
| Address: | Innherredsveien 7 7414 Trondheim NORWAY |
| Telephone: | + 47 73 87 65 05 |
| Fax: | + 47 73 87 65 01 |
| Email: | tommy @ mercursenteret.no |
| Last updated: 1 March 2004 |
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